World War II Essay Example for Free

World War II Essay This historical event would perhaps be considered as the event where the position of the United States as a global power laid its foundation. The most prominent incident in which the United States became known for during this era was the development of atomic bomb and utilized this to bomb Japan’s two major cities. In developing these weapons during and after the Second World War, the American economy somehow benefited from ammunition production. The entry of the United States in the Second World War was during the time when the country was slowly recovering from the Great Depression. The necessity for weapons opened numerous factories for production. Most of the males were being deployed to serve in the military and for this reason; women and African-Americans were given the work to fill the labor gap (Matthaei, 1996, p. 173). The production of weapons provided opportunities for America to prosper economically despite the war and the post-war era led the country for further economic growth. The Second World War hugely affected the foreign policy of the United States. Before WWII, the U. S. maintained a regional affair working closely with other countries as more of a neutral nation. However, during the Second World War – more specifically after the Pearl Harbor bombing – it established its allies with the likes of Great Britain and France to fight against the Axis of Powers. This alliance would further position the U. S. as a global power most especially during the Cold War era. The U. S. ook a globalist stance in its foreign policy where the expansion of national security and the public broadly supported for American interventionism in pursuing war effort (Rosati, Hagan, and Sampson, 1994, p. 241). The Second World War II became the door for the United States to rise as a global power. The opportunities that opened during the height of the war improved the conditions of the United States which was suffering from the economic setbacks. The events of the WWII can be considered as a fortuitous incident that made the United States what it is today.

Concepts of Leadership

Concepts of Leadership LEADERSHIP CONCEPTS Leadership is universally reviewed and defined by numerous authors and originators. Leaders have the ability to inspire and influence others in a team and encourage them to perform effectively towards organizational goals. Mullins explained, Leadership is the relationship through which one person influences the behavior or action of other people (Mullins 2010:373). Leaders in the modern age conceive an ambiance that motivates the skills and develop receptivity of learning among the team members and initialize steps to participate in human resources and financial performances. Gary yukl believed that Leaders should have a crystal clear vision before motivating the team members towards cultural change in the organization (Gary yukl 2010:308). An inspired vision is cardinal to accumulate hold from the team members and outsiders. Leadership is about generating a specific vision which stands out and in this modern world. ¹ In addition Leadership is not about leaders, it is about the functions of leaders. Leaders could be effective, if the three areas of needs are satisfied within the work ². The achievement of the leader can be extemporizing by fulfilling the following three needs (Mullins 2010:378): Task needs; Team maintenance needs; Individual needs. http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/d/dd/Three_circles.png Source: Adair ,Action centered Leadership. John Adair model of Action-centered leadership induces to understand the relationship between the leader and team. It benefits the organization to complete the tasks before the targeted time and attain companys goals. The traditional role of Action-centered leader is to monitor and control the activities of group and leaders should serve as an advisor and consultant ³. It gives attention not only for the functional aspects but also the behavioral aspects of leadership. CONCLUSION: I personally feel this model to be more effective considered to other types of model. It is because; this model balances both Individual needs and Team satisfaction. This model serves as an example to demonstrate the relationship between the management and Leader. Therefore, Action centered model of leadership is preferred for any kind of organization to produce effective results. Reference: Laurie J.Mullins (2010) Nineth Edition edn. Management Organisational Behavior. Italy: Prentice Hall wikipedia (n. d.) Functional Leadership model [online] available from [20/03/11] Gary Yukl (2010) Seventh edition edn. Leadership in Organisation. New jersey: Prentice Hall Lyman W. porte, Harold l. angle, Robert W.Allen Second editon. Organisational Influence process CURRENT LEADERSHIP RESEARCH: In todays present situation, Power aspect occupies a vital role in the current stage of leadership environment. Traditionally, Leadership is connected with Power aspect and infers to control, co-ordinate and influence them towards succeeding the organization goals or economy. Power is identified as the capacity of one person to inspire another person (YUKL 2010:199). Power is the ability of one, who influences the behavior and attitude of other people ¹. Leadership style varies in relation with each Leader. It is identified as the way Leaders perform and behave in the organization towards subordinates. According to French and Raven, there are five significant types of power (Mullins 2010:397), Reward power is grounded on the approach of his/her employer and capability to abide by the regulations of the organization. It can develop a source of influence towards leader ². This will assist organization in achieving its goals and perspectives. One of the finest instances for this power is GOOGLE, where employers are given freedom of innovative action and praised for innovations. Coercive power is borne with associates who have the power to punish subordinates for not completing the desired role. It is being hinged on subordinates conception that Leader charge, if the directives are not compiled with. This power is related Authoritative style is leadership. For Instance: I have personally faced in my workplace for not attending the group meetings and I was been warned by the high level authorities. Legitimate power defines that he/she in a position to imply authority over the subordinates and make them to follow the directives. This power is usually dealt with the level of position they are placed. Higher the position, Greater the power ³ For Instance: In Indian Police academy, CBI has higher power than any police officer. Expert power is basically identified as the expertise which the leader naturally or practically possesses. This category is radically narrowed and exclusive knowledge will remain continuously within the leader. They dont make inconsistent and restless decisions and they even act confidently (Gary Yukl 2010:209). Referent power is the capacity of an individual to influence admiration and apperceive attractiveness. It is depicted with personal characteristics, charisma and strong loyalty towards them. It is considered among one of the five social powers. For Instance: Steve Jobs and Bill Gates are the best examples of referent power. They both have the attractiveness to extract peoples attention. They fall under the category of Charismatic Leadership Style. C:UsersMuthuRamanDesktoppowerpoints.png Source: (hakunamatatajumbojumbo.blogspot.com) References: Laurie J.Mullins (2010) Nineth Edition edn. Management Organisational Behavior. Italy: Prentice Hall Power [online] available from http://www.strom.clemson.edu/becker/prtm320/notes/power320.pdf> [20/03/2011] Power and its types [online] available from http://www.hrbartender.com/2010/training/7-types-of-power-in-the-workplace/> [25/03/2011] Gary Yukl (2010) Seventh edition edn. Leadership in Organisation. New jersey: Prentice Hall. LEADERSHIP BEHAVIOR The path goal theory: According to GREAT MAN THEORY Leaders are born and not made. In the changing world, Leaders are rarely born and many leaders are situational type of leaders. Leaders do not have the inherent capabilities to lead a team or society. One has to develop his/her skills to control a group of people. Many leaders are now situational and apply practical concepts to solve problems I prefer this type of behavior since it could be helpful to tackle situations physically and psychologically and even financially. The path goal theory of leadership was discovered to examine the behavior of a leader. Initially Evans (1970) covered only two types of behavior namely supportive and Directive Leadership. (Mullins 2010:388) Later, House and Mitchell (1971) added upon two more behaviors called Participative and Achievement behavior. (Gary Yukl 2010:169). The directive leader behavior exemplify to situations where the leaders monitor followers and allows them to perform their specified tasks and direct them to abide by the rules and regulations. This leadership behavior is similar to Ohio State University Studies. Feedback: I had experienced this type of leadership behavior when I was working in one of the Leather Company in INDIA.I was fresh to the Industry and I had no idea about the process and procedures. The team manager used to discuss the dated targets should be achieved? When should be the purchase made? Etcà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦But there was no opinions directed from the manager like how to achieve it? How to hit the target? There was a lack of communication between the leader and subordinates. The Supportive leader behavior indulges an accessible way and friendly manner and concentrates immense concern for the welfare and necessities of the subordinates. This behavior is helpful in stressful situation and when the tasks are given psychological manner. The Participative Leader behavior means taking into account about the views and opinions of subordinates before the task is performed or completed. Feedback: My colleagues were so supportive when I was preparing for debate on OFFLINE MARKETING. This behavior was very helpful in identifying the lack of communication skill in me and team members were so cooperative and understanding. The Achievement-oriented Leader behavior indulges in implying organizational goals to extract better performances and higher confidence from subordinates. Feedback: When I used to work in HDFC, Team leaders used to throw up various packages; if the particular allotted amounts of products are sold they will be taken a free trip to Maldives. I banged highest amount of commission in the year for successfully completing the 50000+ target worth of Insurance products within targeted dates. All these types of behavior can be felt or experienced in different situations by same person. Leaders use any of the above mentioned behavior to induce followers and to attract them. References: Gary Yukl (2010) Seventh edition edn. Leadership in Organisation. New jersey: Prentice Hall University of Exeter (n. d.) The rewiew of Leadership Theories and framework [online] available from http://centres.exeter.ac.uk/cls/documents/mgmt_standards.pdf [24/03/2011] Path goal theory of Leadership [online] available from http://changingminds.org/disciplines/leadership/styles/path_goal_leadership.htm [25/03/2011] The five practices of Exemplary Leadership [online] available from http://media.wiley.com/product_data/excerpt/83/07879567/0787956783.pdf [24/03/2011] What does it mean to lead? [online] available from http://www.russellconsultinginc.com/docs/Leadership.htm [24/03/2011] HOW TO OVERCOME KEY TENSION OF A LEADER? Leadership is gaining vital role over management success. As we have critically analyzed the leadership concepts, behaviors and about how leaders fondle powers using different styles, we get into the key tensions of leaders and how the leader can overcome using the prominent five practices of exemplary leadership: Model the way Inspire a shared vision Challenge the process Enable others to act Encourage the heart If the leaders are to be effective the above practices are to be experienced. For Instance, Mahatma Gandhi is one of the prominent and significant leaders in India and is called as Father of Nation. He played a key role in attaining freedom with his clear vision and confidence on the people. The main purpose of the freedom struggle was to gain freedom from British government for Indian people. What made Gandhi to stand out? His approach towards pertaining freedom and his leadership skills made people to follow him. His behavior style towards the people was very supportive and participative. His vision was much focused and he led the people of the country towards Non Violence concept. This makes him transformational leader and charismatic leader. Leader-member exchange theory (LMX) explains leader should have an exchange relationship with followers to establish participation and infer commitment towards freedom.(Gary Yukl 2010) President Barack Obama says Throughout my life, I have always looked to Mahatma Gandhi as an inspiration. Exemplary leaders enable all members to act together. Victor Vroom and Lyman porter says The relationship between motivation and performance is moderated by the amount of freedom to act (John Miner 2010:97). Finally, Gandhi overcame all the issues with the help of exemplary leadership practices and expectancy motivational theories.

Sustainable development of Caribbeans tourism industry

Sustainable development of Caribbeans tourism industry The research topic of this paper is Sustainable Development of the Caribbeans tourism industry through proper environmental planning. The research question is the Caribbeans vulnerability and its ability to survive within a global landscape is an ongoing concern. Research was conducted via the internet and articles. Information was gathered covering the various related topics of this paper. This paper will discuss three main objectives. The first objective will deal with the benefits of the Caribbeans tourism industry making mention to two Caribbean islands. In addition to this it will look at the disadvantages and advantages of the tourism industry in the Caribbean. Next it will look at environmental planning and its impact on tourism. This area will make mention to role of the environment in the tourism industry and ways of preserving and conserving our environment. It will also make mention of the adverse effects of tourism on the environment and actions that have been taken to reduce these negative impacts. Finally, the opportunities for the Caribbean as it relates to tourism with their existing resources and make recommendations that may bring the Caribbean tourism industry to a wider world. The paper is intended to give an overview of the Caribbeans tourism industry and how the Caribbean can reach sustainable development by overcoming all negative environmental problems. The Caribbean on a whole has suffered economically, socially and environmentally. Governments seek to improve the quality of life through the existing industries but how can we reach to a point where we have sustainable development in our islands. The aim is to build this through tourism and the environmental planning. Sustainable development can be defined as development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. Another key term would be that of environmental planning (International Institute for Sustainable Development, 2009). Environmental planning as defined as any planning activity that with an aim to preserve or enhance environmental resources. It looks at how society at present can affect the natural environment both current and in the future. Considerations include, water, land, pollution and other natural resources (The Environmental Education Directory, 2004). The tourism industry has been the driving force for most islands in the Caribbean for the past twenty years. In Grenada for instance, Agriculture was once the driving industry but due to natural disasters and damaging of the Agricultural properties, tourism has taken over as the major driving force in the country but how beneficial is this industry really. Tourism has contributed towards the economy, social lifestyle and ecology and the sustainability of each in the Caribbean (World Trade and Tourism Organization and International Hotel and Restaurant Association (WTTC and IHRA, 1999). Tourism has proven to be a good source of income for many islands. The tourism industry is divided into five different sectors namely accommodation, food and beverage services, recreation and entertainment, transportation and travel services all of which plays an important role in the industry. Others include telecommunications, and manufacturing. With this in mind, tourism is a large provider for jobs for the people of the Caribbean. It has been forecasted that in 2010 Tourism will contribute approximately 11.7% of the worlds GDP and employment for approximately 255 million world-wide (WTTC, 1999) The tourism industry has also fostered improved infrastructure in many Caribbean islands which in turn attracts more foreign investments for foreigners. The need for improved infrastructure is to facilitate tourists. The quality of roads and buildings are very important. In islands where both are not at high standards this may pose problems to the many sectors within industry such as accommodation, that is, the hotels and resorts. In addition, there are many tourists that travel to the Caribbean by cruise ships so it is important the ports can accommodate the large numbers at any given time with efficient service as well (Ellen, Karen WTTC, 2009). It has played a significant role in the Caribbeans up bring. For instance, look at Jamaica, Bahamas, and Trinidad. Tourism in Trinidad accounts for 10.6% of the countrys Gross Domestic Product that is, 14,116.9 Trinidadian dollars and 14.7% of total employment that is, 88,000 jobs. These figures are also expected to rise by 2019 (WTTC, 2009). The same applies for Jamaica where tourism contributes 45% of Jamaicas foreign income and employs 300,000 Jamaicans directly and indirectly (Jamaica Economy, 2008). As it relates to Bahamas, one of their biggest drivers is Tourism. In Bahamas, tourism and other tourism driven sectors account for 60% of their GDP. It employs approximately 50% of their population (The Bahamas, 2009). Overall in 2008, Tourism has accounted for 14.8% of the Caribbeans Gross Domestic product and 12.9% of employment (Nurse, Keith, 2008). Whilst accommodating tourism and its benefits to the Caribbean, the impact of the tourism industry on the environment but be taken into consideration. In other words, how are the related on what impacts do they have on each other. For most tourist destinations, what attracts tourists to the country is the quality of the environment, the many reasons existing in the Caribbean. For this reason, the environments sustainability and preservation is vitality important to the industry. The environment usually provides attractions and sight-seeing for tourists. The resources available in a country both natural and man-made are essential to industry. Combined with infrastructural developments such as roads and airports, the hotels, resorts and marinas, the environment plays a very significant role in the tourism industry. A country lacking proper tourism facilities may negatively impact the economic growth in this industry. In eco-friendly Caribbean islands the marina which is home to many sea creatures must be preserved (WTTC, 1999). Water as a natural resource is highly demanded by the tourism industry in aid of facilitating and accommodating tourists. Tourists rely on water for consumption and personal use. Restaurants use water for cooking and many resorts have pools as an enhancing feature for the tourists. Land area is utilized as well for building hotels and restaurants. Despite the fact that tourism seems to rely heavily on the environment, there are many adverse impacts that tourism has on the environment. Tourism attracts many tourists to the islands of the Caribbean and in effect leads to the overuse of the resources of the environment. For instance, in order to facilitate tourists, accommodation must be provided. One negative impacts of this is deforestation where forests are cut or burnt down to facilitate the building of the hotels and resorts. Another negative impact would be that of increased pollution. Tourist travel around the island sight-seeing increases the chance of land, air, sea and noise pollution. Often times waste is improperly disposed off harming the surroundings and in many cases marine life. In addition to this the marine life as it relates to the coral reefs have been greatly affected by tourism. They are often overused and damaged as a result (WTTC, 1999) Another impact is the increase in diseases. Many of the tourists come to the islands with air-borne diseases from their environment posing a threat to the Caribbean (Anonymous, 2009). In many instances some natural resources are depleted. This occurs when there is an increase in the consumption of any particular resource that is scarce. Water is one of the many resources that when overused results in shortages and possible degradation. This can also increase water pollution since more and more water is able to settle allowing for static water and possible growth of bacteria contaminating the environment. In order to reduce the negative impacts that tourism is having on the environment considerable planning must take place. The hotel industry has implemented certifications in their hotels. One main certification on stream is the Green Globe 21 certification. With this certification hotels are required annually to conduct their business practices in such a way that the environment is being protected. They aim at reducing the amount of water consumed through recycling and conserving energy. Introducing awareness programs about the endangered environment is very important. Many persons are unaware of the consequences of their actions and educating the public on these will give them that drive to protecting the environment. One example of how the public can help protect the environment is through car pooling where persons group up and travel using one vehicle as opposed to the three individuals vehicles. This would help reduce the amount of gas emission into the atmosphere (Sapayan, Maria, 2009). In 2005, Antigua Barbuda, the Sustainable Island Resource Management Mechanism (SIRMM) project was introduced to reduce the problems they experience with over exploitation of the natural environment. It covers are land degradation, poor water quality, loss of biodiversity and many other factors and areas affected (SIRMM Project, n. d.). In many islands, actions have been taken against over harvesting of the marine life. Fishermen often times remove to many of the marine animals in their quest to make a profit, hampering further growth for the future. This has been a threat to the ecosystem of the Caribbean. Governments have implemented close seasons for hunting and fishing in many of the islands. There is need for improvement in this area since many fishermen use this as their source of income by providing fish for hotels and restaurants (Anonymous, 2006). Ecotourism is another means of eliminating the negative impacts of tourism on the environment. Ecotourism is a tourism aimed at preserving the environment. Any island that focuses on ecotourism as their income earners places more emphasis in the preservation of their environment (Mader. C, Pemberton. K Carlisle. A, 2005). The Caribbean aims at expanding and finding a place in the Caribbean and there are many opportunities in doing so. One major opportunity is diversity. The Caribbean for many years has focused on their beautiful beaches, their warm weather, and their white sand. In other words, the three Ss, Sun, sand and sea, the main resources available on the islands. Diversity will not only bring a new look to the experience for tourists but it will boost the Caribbean economy. Many larger tourist destinations have diversified their products and services. They have utilized many of their resources and stepped away from traditional. In the Caribbean stepping away from the traditional is an opportunity for further growth in the tourism industry (Hoschtialek. R, Nov 24 2009). In Grenada for instance, we advertise our white sandy beaches with clear blue waters but what about our ecosystem. How often is our coral reefs made mention of in the Caribbean. For the past decade or so there have been improvements in the products and services which have proven to cause an increase in the number of visitors to the islands (Hoschtialek. R, Nov 24, 2009). There are however many more areas to tap into for instance in Grenada, Levera beach is the Caribbeans third largest turtle nesting area. The tourism industry can develop more into these areas as added attraction for tourists visiting the islands. Also in Grenada, an underwater sculpture museum was built being the first of its kind in the Caribbean. This opens up to diversity. Tourism can use their many resources to introduce innovate ways of entertaining their visitors (Hoschtialek. R, Nov. 24, 2009). Another opportunity lies in Montserrat where the islands volcanic background can be used as a sight-seeing attraction where tourists get the opportunity to see the volcanoes and the remnants of it (Hoschtialek. R, Nov. 24, 2009). Dominica is one island that have tapped into the opportunity of making their environment more eco-friendly. They have invested much into eco-tourism more so than any other island. They place emphasis on enhancing the marine life and use that to their benefit for tourists visiting the island. This is an opportunity present for all islands and is sure to increase the number of investors in the islands since more and more persons are becoming environmentally friendly. This can therefore boost our economy with the foreign direct investments that these may offer (Caribbean Land and Property, 2008). From this report, when looking at the vulnerability, sustainability and the Caribbeans place in the World it is evident that through the tourism industry and environmental planning that the Caribbean can engage into a wider world. The tourism industry has proven to pose both advantages and disadvantages to the Caribbean. In many cases it has been beneficial to the Caribbean by creating job opportunities and boosting the economy. However, with it relying so much on the environment, it has had some negative impacts on the environment. With aims of improving the ways of preserving and conserving the environment, the tourism industry can invest in actions that would bring the environment to a more stabilized one. Environmental planning will decrease the risk associated with tourism because all of the negative impacts are addressed before hand. With this combination of the tourism industry in the Caribbean and proper planning in preserving the environment the Caribbean can have sustainable development and bring a brighter and safer future for individuals all through the cooperation of those now. The Caribbean will grow into a more open place and reap from the benefits while seeking more opportunities for further development. References Anonymous, (2006). Environmental Planning: Educational and Career Outlook. Retrieved on November 24th, 2009 from http://www.enviroeducation.com/majors-programs/env-plan.html Anonymous, (2006). SIRMM Project, A step forward in conserving the environment. Retrieved on November 24th, 2009 from http://www.environmentdivision.info/?q=node/168 Anonymous, (n.d). Caribbean Ecotourism Yields Economic Rewards for Investors, Real estate for ecotourism Supports Caribbean Sustainable Development. Retrieved on November 22nd, 2009 from http://www.prlog.org/10127079-caribbean-ecotourism-yields-economic-rewards-for-investors.html Babu, N. (n.d.). Environmental planning as a tool for environmental protection the need and the possibilities. Retrieved on November 23rd, 2009 from (http://www.gisdevelopment.net/application/environment/overview/envo0002pf.htm Charles. M, Pemberton. K, Carlisle. A, (2005). Ecotourism as a Means of Conserving Wetlands. Retrieved on November 22nd, 2009 from http://www.allbusiness.com/finance/1166294-1.html CTV Canada am. (2009). Loren reveals why you should reconsider the Caribbean. Retrieved on November 24th, 2009 from http://www.ctv.ca/servlet/ArticleNews/story/CTVNews/20091123/loren_blog_091123/20091123/ Ellen. K (n.d.). EHow, What are the Benefits of tourism in the Caribbean? Retrieved on November 20th, 2009 from http://www.ehow.com/about_5234349_benefits-tourism-caribbean.html FAS Productions, (2008). Jamaica Economy. Retrieved on November 23rd, 2009 from http://www.all-jamaica.com/jamaica/economy.html Hoschtialek. R, personal communication, Nov. 24th, 2009 Nurse, K, (2008). International Centre for Trade and sustainable development, Climate change, tourism and services in small islands. Retrieved on November 19th, 2009 from http://ictsd.org/i/news/bioresreview/34826/ Sapayan, M. (n.d.). Ezine articles, Ways in Preserving the Environment. Retrieved on November 22nd, 2009 from http://ezinearticles.com/?Ways-in-Preserving-the-Environmentid=2463133 Schultz. E, (2009). Caribbean Construction Digest, Preserving our environment. Retrieved on November 23rd, 2009 from http://www.cariconstruction.com/?p=174 U.S Department of State, (2009). Background Note : Bahamas. Retrieved on November 23rd, 2009 from http://www.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/1857.htm World Commission on Environment and Development (WCED), Our common future. Retrieved on November 23rd, 2009 from http://www.iisd.org/sd/

Eye Ball :: Literary Analysis, Spiegelman

What would you expect to be the mindset of a misfit kid who isn’t really that popular who is playing baseball with the other kids because he wants to fit in with them instead of being himself? There is such a boy in a first person short story that was written by a worldly-renowned author. In â€Å"Eye Ball,† Spiegelman uses characterization to develop the theme of be yourself and don’t try to fit in with others at the expense of showing your true self. Spiegelman’s use of the little misfit boy as a round character reflects the theme because he realizes that he doesn’t fit in so well with all the other boys. Being a kid with Amblyopia, or â€Å"lazy eye†, he already knew that he was at a disadvantage and he points out his condition when he is saying â€Å"since I’m virtually blind in my left eye† and when he said â€Å"Amblyopia, a â€Å"lazy eye,† made my whole world 2D† (130). He still tries to play baseball with the other boys, but he quickly finds out that he isn’t that good at it. Identification can be made with the out-of-place feeling that the little boy most have felt. Now he is most likely feeling down because he did poorly when he was up at bat. Most out of place people â€Å"must escape into fantasy and/or develop a rarefied sense of humor to survive† (130). The usual â€Å"boy in 1950s America, baseball was not optional and to be inept assured a place in the social hierarchy even lower than a girl’s† (130). This shows that there was a current stereotype of how little boys should be and he tried to be stereotypical with all of the other little boys. Spiegelman’s use of the little misfit boy as a dynamic character reflects the theme because he learns to be himself and not try to be something that he isn’t. He realizes that he is out of place when the boys placed him and he â€Å"was inevitably relegated to right field, far out of harm’s way† (130). While in the outfield he thought that his boredom took out his â€Å"anxiety that a ball might come† (130). He already knew before he went with the boys, that playing baseball with them wasn’t going to go smooth so he â€Å"often kept some comic book handy† (130). While he is thinking, he finally realizes that his true comfort is in comics and not sports.

The Great Gatsby As A Tragedy Essay example -- English Literature

The Great Gatsby As A Tragedy A hurried read of F. Scott Fitzgerald's The Great Gatsby can generate a tragic impression. The deaths of three of the main characters and the failure of Gatsby and Daisy's romance can be viewed as tragic. However, a deeper analysis of the book reveals a much deeper tragedy. The relentless struggles of Gatsby himself parallel Fitzgerald's apparent ideas of the struggles of all Americans. The American dream romanticized by the majority of the population is really unattainable because it is, in fact, nonexistent. Every character has an unfortunate role and could be called a tragic character. However, the main tragedy is that of the title character. Gatsby experiences nothing but tragedy in his life. He begins miserable and ends miserable. He begins his life in a poor family where he feels he truly does not belong. His parents were unsuccessful and "his imaginationà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦never really accepted them as his parents at all"(104). Always envisioning a better life for himself and a bigger purpose for his life, he has an amazing ability to make his dreams come true. As a child he dreams of being wealthy and living in luxury, and he attains this. When he is older he dreams of having Daisy, and for a time he achieves this dream as well. He reaches out for the green light at Daisy's dock symbolizing the embracing of his dream. Once the distance between him and this dream is removed, he has exactly what he thinks he wants. However, it is this belief in the dream that leads to his eventual downfall. Nick reflects on Gatsby's aspirations saying, "Gatsby believed in the green light, the orgastic future that year by year recedes before us" (189). Gatsby has an unusual quality of persistent hope... ...is family, education, and the way he fell into his money. His name is not actually Gatsby either. Like the "Great Houdini", Gatsby can make unreal things seem real. His entire life is an illusion to everyone but Nick. It is heartbreaking that in order to be happy Gatsby feels that he must put up these false fronts and skew reality in the eyes of others to make him into something that he is not. Gatsby's struggles are very similar to those of the American society in this particular era. In one case, the contender is reaching for an unworthy dream and in the other it is the contender that is unworthy of the dream. Fitzgerald combines the two struggles to produce an overall tragic comment on society in the 1920s. The lack of heart in the old aristocracy, the death of the American dream and the falsehood of the dreams unite to form the tragedy in the novel.

Negotiating Ethics

Some people believe that it is essential to behave ethically when negotiating; I am apart of this belief. I believe that negotiating ethically will make things easier. It will make the process a win – win for both parties. If both parties are being ethical and honest when negotiating the buyer will be satisfied and the seller will as well. The truth of the matter is no one really expects their opponent to be honest .That being said, no one really goes in a negotiating situating expecting to be ethical. Everyone goes in to this situation with guards up and tactics ready. Although I believe that ethics should be essential when negotiating, I also go in expectant of the opposite. I would love to negotiate with ethics and be honest and fair, but the majority of people are not willing to take this approach so I do not either in most cases.It is hard to be ethical and honest when it comes to negotiating. Not everyone shares the same opinion and views about this issue. Some people fe el as though there is no such thing as ethics in negotiating. These type of people go by the motto â€Å"let the best man win†. With the knowledge that not everyone feels the same, no one really negotiates ethically. The person who decides to be ethical will lose against the person who is not being ethical. If they negotiated against each other, the non ethical person will be sly and slick and do whatever possible to persuade a win. The ethical person will try negotiating with honesty and integrity but if he does not get on the same level as the other party, he will come out unsatisfied. When negotiating, it is important for both parties to be on the same page. Before you go into a situation of bargaining it would be smart to know who you are negotiating against. Knowing the tactics and style of your opponent will give you a leg up. Investigating the style of negotiating your opponent exudes will let you know what tactics to use. If your opponent is interested in ethical negotiating, you should be also. On the other hand, if your opponent is unethical then you should switch up your methods and play their game. Everybody wants to win and come out happy when negotiating. This is not impossible to achieve by any means. If everyone negotiated with ethics then it would be easy but as long as the negotiators are on the same page, a great conclusion should be met.I think that many things have changed with the times. I can imagine that back in the day things were a lot different. I can envision businessmen negotiating ethically. I can imagine businessmen negotiating a conclu sion that both parties would be happy with. I imagine those shaking hands and making a great deal and win – win situation. The times of using ethics and honesty are far and few between so to speak. With new tactics and new expressions, people are in it to win it. In these times, instead of looking out for your neighbor, you look out for yourself. With that being said, when negotiating now days, it is definitely a game of winner takes all, or may the best man win. Even though I believe that negotiating with ethics is the best way to go, there may be some situations that warrant the opposite of my beliefs. There is always an exception to the rule. Aside from being on the same page of your opponent, there may be situations that call for an aggressive manner in negotiating. If a professional is negotiating a law or against a law or the state, when a position of disparity or other unfair circumstances are prevalent, I think that negotiating ethically should be out the window. When it is a situation where there is an unfair position or an unfair advantage on an opposing side than the under dog should negotiate using no holds barred. The negotiating arty in this type of situation should go all in and try their hardest to win as much as possible. These type of extreme situations are the only ones I think that being ethical is not relevant. The fact of the matter is, different people have different views when it comes to negotiating. Some do believe in being ethical and they hold to that standard when practicing the art of negotiating. Others are on the opposite side of the scope, and they believe that the best negotiator should take it home. When negotiating, whether ethically or not, you should always play to your opponent’s standard. I think that in it self is being ethical. If your opponent is someone who is doing things honestly and ethically, then you should return the courtesy and do the same. On the other hand, if you are dealing with someone who is in it to win it, you should play their game and try to be in it to win it as well.

The Development of Banking System in Vietnam

The development orientation of the banking system of Vietnam from 2005 to 2020 In 2005, State Bank submitted to the Politic Ministry and Government a development project of the banking system from 2005 to 2020 according to the Resolution of 9th National Party. It is to build up a banking system develop safety and fairly; have enough the competitive ability; and integrate stability in international finance market. Firstly, the State Bank needs to re-structure basically and comprehensively the organization and the action of State Bank for which has enough ability to build and realize the monetary policy with market principle and advanced technology. Role and function of State Bank perform with international routines and rules for do effectively the national management function in the banking and monetary. Besides, it will be the foundation of the development of State Bank become sa modern central bank. The main innovation of State Bank focuses on following problems: Ensuring State Bank is independent, autonomous in the set up, conduct the monetary policy, interest rate and exchange rate; performs the function of actually central bank; is the bank issue money; is the bank of banks; is the central payment of nation; regulate the monetary market. Re-structure the organization of state bank from the center to the branch towards streamlined and modern, ensure that state banks has the responsibility in creating an open operating environment and favorable conditions for financial institutions n the territory of Vietnam Creating and implementing the monetary policy follow the market principle to base on the monetary policy setting with suitable communication and quantified target. Reform the supervision of system banking comprehensively to meet the actual needs of developing Vietnamese banking system and suit to the international rules and standard of banking supervision. The safety supervision system of Vietnamese banking operations will strive to satisfy the basic international standards in 2010; firstly, it is the basic rules of effective banking supervision of Basel Committee and the Basel Capital Accord 1988(Basel I) and then, it will implement the Basel II after 2010. To further modernize the payment system to enhance the utility of providing banking services, to increase the proportion of non-cash payment and payment through banks, state bank can control the amount of money circulation and reduce financial risks. Secondly, Credit Institutions need to reform fundamental and thoroughly to develop systems of credit institutions in modern, multi-functional activities, diversified ownership, and types of credit institutions; for which have operating scale and financial potential strongly to make a foundation building a modern system of credit institution, attaining advanced level of development in Asia, applying sufficiently the international standards of banking operations. It is able to compete with banks in the region and the world. The reform of credit institutions focuses on some main point in following: Ensuring the state commercial banks and commercial banks have stakes in the control of state become the key leader in the banking system on the scale of operation, financial capability, technology, process level management and business efficiency. The other credit institutions have the responsibilities which is to ensure the comprehensive, safe and effective development of Vietnam's banking system The financial capacity of credit institutions is strengthened by increasing ower equity and improving asset quality and profitability. The equitization of state-owned commercial banks completes step by step to follow the precautionary principle, ensure economic stability and social security system, which allows foreign investors, especially internationally leading banks buy stocks and participate in management and administration commercial banks of Vietnam. Innovative basically the management system of credit institutions, to ensure the credit institution independents the finance, staff, organizational structure and operations, executive management, which bear all responsibility for business results and activities within the legal framework equality, openness and transparency. The relationship between State Bank and credit institutions is not only the State control relation, but also the economic relation to rely on respecting the market principle. Forming synchronous legal framework is transparent and fair to promote the competition and ensuring the safety system; apply more completely the international standards and rules of operating monetary and banking; create healthy environment and incentives for credit institutions, enterprises and individual business development. Eliminate discrimination among credit institutions and eliminate other forms of protection and subsidy in the banking sector. Speed up the process of international economic integration, which raise the initiative on monetary and banking with the roadmap and steps are suited to the competitiveness of the credit institutions and the ability of state banks control system. With the potential market, the strong growth of the economy in the process of integration, the stable politic and social, especially with a legal framework for banking operations become more complete toward the openness and transparency, Vietnam's banking sector will successfully implement the reform and opening up the banking system, contributing actively to the economic- social development of the country. Every credit institutions need to actively improve the financial capacity by: -Financial capacity of credit institutions is strengthened by increasing ower equity and improving asset quality and profitability. The equitization of state-owned commercial banks completes step by step to follow the precautionary principle, ensure economic stability and social security system, which allows foreign investors, especially internationally leading banks buy stocks and participate in management and administration commercial banks of Vietnam. -Diversify forms of raising capital, control reasonable the interest rate of long-term and medium-term of saved money and strengthen medium-term and long-term capital to meet capital needs for business. The credit growth associated with securing the loans effectively. Push up to deal the bad dept being continuous toward reducing the bad debt with the construction of control and monitoring mechanism of credit quality. -Banks need to structure the capital investment in the new condition toward decrease the proportion of short-term loans, increase the proportion of medium and long term lending and develop the individual consumption credit in the economy. Continued innovation the mechanisms and policies related to the activities of credit institutions; form synchronous the legal framework is transparent and fair to promote the competition, to ensure that the credit institution independents the finance, staff, organizational structure and operations, executive management, which bear all responsibility for business results and activities within the legal framework equality, openness and transparency; create the open business environment for operations of credit institutions . The relationship between State Bank and credit institutions is not only the State control relation, but also the economic relation to rely on respecting the market principle. Issue the regulations about control the risky systems, supervise the risks in banking activities, improve the safe regulations in banking operations, issue egulation about standard and minimum requirement of the management system of risks in credit institutions, ensuring early warning capabilities for credit institutions, especially to be the foreign exchange market and the national payment system. and an important part to fix the credit risks of banks that performs the management for commercial banking from the width to the depth toward enhance risk management capacity through complete the internal structure of organization, implement the testing, inspection and reporting regularly. Conduct the audit for commercial banks according to international standards, hired foreign auditors audit the banking activity in 2005 and 2006 Supervise carefully activities and the financial situation of commercial banks before supplement and implement the equitization. Accelerate the re-structuring of the banking system; amendment and supplement the law of State Bank of Vietnam and the Credit Institutions. Speed up the process of international economic integration, which raise the initiative on monetary and banking with the roadmap and steps are suited to the competitiveness of the credit institutions and the ability of control system of state banks, reform fundamentally and innovative thoroughly commercial banks toward develop comprehensively, multifunctionally and modern, meet the standards and requirements according to international routines, ensure every step to make commercial banks development as well as other ones in the region and on the world. Improve capacity of staff through enhancing the executive management level. Improve the management capacity of state-owned commercial banks after the equitization will be the fastest and most effective by the help of foreign strategic partners.